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Research
May 14 - 2025
EN Europe, Asia

National Aquaculture Legislation Overview - Turkey

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)

The National Aquaculture Legislation Overview (NALO) consist of a series of comparative national overviews of aquaculture laws and regulations from the top 40 aquaculture producing countries, and have been prepared in collaboration with the FAO Development Law Service. The preparation of the overviews is primary based on FAOLEX, a legislative database containing the world's largest electronic collection of national laws and regulations on food and agriculture, following a standard template. FAO endeavours to ensure, through consultation and verification process, the accuracy of the information contained in the NALO fact sheets. However, certain NALO fact sheets have been published on the basis that the information contained therein will be corrected if need be at the request of the competent national authorities. NALO fact sheets are updated on a regular basis, every 2/3 years.
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UN: FAO Committee on Fisheries
Investigative Journalism
Feb 28 - 2019
EN Global

Big Ag Eyes Big Aquaculture

Food & Power

The world is eating more farmed fish, and global grain traders intend to control the fish feeding business much as they control the feeding of other farm animals.
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Investment and subsidies / UN: FAO Committee on Fisheries / Recirculating Aquaculture Systems (RAS)
News
Jun 08 - 2020
EN Global, Africa

More than a third of fish stocks are being overfished, FAO warns

Al Jazeera

The UN Food and Agriculture Organization also warned that the problem is particularly acute in developing countries. The FAO said in a biennial report that tackling the issue would require several measures including stronger political will and improved monitoring, as fish stocks in areas with less-developed management were in poor shape.
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Biodiversity loss / UN: FAO Committee on Fisheries / Legislation
Opinion
Aug 23 - 2024
EN Global

Stories of the Sea: Fishing in the Twilight Zone

Safina Center

By one estimate, it is 'the world’s largest unexploited natural resource with a global biomass of 1 gigaton.' But can the inhabitants of the deep be fished to meet humanity’s food needs? Should they be? Such questions are being asked with greater frequency, as research initiatives in multiple countries have started to explore the feasibility of mesopelagic fishing.
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Climate change / Biodiversity loss / Fish Meal / Fish Oil Processing / UN: FAO Committee on Fisheries
Investigative Journalism
Jan 26 - 2022
EN Africa

Fishmeal and fish oil production in West Africa destroys the region’s resources to the benefit of foreign countries

CFFA

In West Africa, there is an increased pressure on small pelagic stocks, including the over-exploited sardinella, due to the expansion of the fishmeal and fishoil industry across the region. To get one kilo of fishmeal, more than 5 kgs of small pelagics are needed. The FAO report explains that recently the catches for human consumption have drastically decreased, 'the industry has been competing with women processors' for access to fish and 'fish has become extremely rare and expensive in local markets.'
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Labor / Fish Meal / Fish Oil Processing / UN: FAO Committee on Fisheries / Small-scale fishers
Research
Apr 04 - 2019
EN Global

Controversy Over Voluntary Environmental Standards: A Socio-Economic Analysis of the Marine Stewardship Council

Organization & Environment

Voluntary standards certifying environmental qualities of labeled products have proliferated across sectors and countries. Effectuating these standards requires the collaboration among and between creators (typically firms and non-governmental organizations) and adopters (firms across a particular supply chain). However, the need to collaborate does not rule out the presence of controversy. Drawing on the case of the Marine Stewardship Council, a leading seafood standard to conserve the world’s threatened marine fauna, we analyze how this controversy, from economic and sociologic vantage points, impacts a sustainability transition. In essence, interest divergence drives controversy over standard design, which spurs controversy over standard effectiveness and prompts the proliferation of competing standards. Controversy is magnified by the opacity or non-transparency of the fields which such standards seek to govern. We conclude that, while interest divergence and field opacity entail inherent controversy over voluntary environmental standards, the impact of this controversy on sustainability transitions is typically predominantly positive.
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Biodiversity loss / Marine fauna / Certification schemes / UN: FAO Committee on Fisheries / Salmon
Research
Mar 06 - 2024
EN Europe

Policy options for strengthening the competitiveness of the EU fisheries & aquaculture sector

European Parliament

The EU fisheries and aquaculture products (FAPs) market is largely dependent on external producers. Some of the imports entering the EU market come from countries with lenient regulations. This study gives an overview on existing competitiveness indicators. It shows main trends in the EU’s FAPs supply through extra-EU imports and identifies the main internal and external factors affecting the sector’s competitiveness. The research presents four case studies and an assessment of options for adaptations to the internal and external policy framework. Finally, it provides a series of recommendations for strengthening the competitiveness of the EU fisheries and aquaculture sector in the future.

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European Commission / FAO Committee on Fisheries / IUUs (illegal unreported and unregulated) / Legislation / UN: FAO Committee on Fisheries
Research
Jun 03 - 2013
EN Global

Securing the Livelihoods and Nutritional Needs of Fish-Dependent Communities

Rockefeller Foundation

Starting in June 2012, the Rockefeller Foundation began investigating the pressing problem of the declining health of the oceans due to climate change, overfishing, pollution and habitat destruction, and the effects of this decline on poor and vulnerable people who depend on marine ecosystems for food and livelihoods. The goal was to better understand the nature of the problem and the potential impact of interventions in the fields of fisheries, aquaculture, poverty, and food security.
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Biodiversity loss / Omega-3s / Hunger / Nutrition / Investment and subsidies / Labor / Small-scale fishers / Certification schemes / UN: FAO Committee on Fisheries
Research
Jul 06 - 2020
EN Europe, Asia, Africa

MBA Seafood Watch Gilthead Seabream, European Seabass and Meagre Report

Monterey Bay Aquarium

Following a defined set of guiding principles, Seafood Watch defines sustainable seafood as originating from sources, whether fished or farmed, that can maintain or increase production in the long-term without jeopardizing the structure or function of affected ecosystems.
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Inorganic waste (e.g. plastics) / Organic waste (e.g. feed or feces) / Chemicals (e.g. Formaldehyde) / Marine fauna / Parasites (e.g. sea lice) / Biodiversity loss / Legislation / UN: FAO Committee on Fisheries / Sea Bream / Sea Bass
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News
Jun 07 - 2024
EN Global

Global farmed fish production overtakes wild catch for first time

Financial Times

UN agency says aquaculture boom will boost food security but critics say it harms fragile marine ecosystems.
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Organic waste (e.g. feed or feces) / Biodiversity loss / Pesticides / Antibiotics / Hunger / Nutrition / Fish Meal / Fish Oil Processing / UN: FAO Committee on Fisheries / Salmon / Sea Bass / Sea Bream
Research
Jan 01 - 2023
EN Europe

Rethinking EU Aquaculture: For People, Animals and the Planet

Compassion in World Farming

Why the EU aquaculture industry should move away from intensive fish farming, towards extensive systems that are more sustainable and better for the environment.
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Climate change / Organic waste (e.g. feed or feces) / Biodiversity loss / Animal Ethics / Antibiotics / IUUs (illegal unreported and unregulated) / Value chain / Fish in / Fish Out (FIFO) / UN: FAO Committee on Fisheries / UN: Environment Programme EU Commission on Fisheries / Legislation / Salmon / Sea Bass / Sea Bream / Shrimp / Bivalves / Low trophic-level fish / Plant-based (e.g. seaweed or kelp) / Recirculating Aquaculture Systems (RAS)
Investigative Journalism
Mar 23 - 2021
EN Africa, Asia

The Factories Turning West Africa’s Fish Into Powder

BBC

Chinese-run factories are turning huge amounts of The Gambia’s fish stocks into fishmeal for aquaculture. But are they taking too much, too quickly. By Ian Urbina
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Inorganic waste (e.g. plastics) / Harmful Algal Blooms / Infrastructure (Cages or processing plants) / Marine fauna / Organic waste (e.g. feed or feces) / Chemicals (e.g. Formaldehyde) / Biodiversity loss / Hunger / Nutrition / Investment and subsidies / Labor / Small-scale fishers / Tourism / IUUs (illegal unreported and unregulated) / Value chain / Fish in / Fish Out (FIFO) / Fish Meal / Fish Oil Processing / UN: FAO Committee on Fisheries / Salmon
Research
Jun 01 - 2010
EN Europe

Fishy Formula - Why the European Strategy Does Not Add Up to Sustainable Aquaculture

Food & Water Europe

The proposed benefits of increased food production via open water aquaculture (increased food production and job creation) are challenged by the darker side of the practice, including environmental damage, endangerment of wild populations, rampant use of antibiotics and harmful chemicals, job instability, and reliance on fish meal from wild populations. Investment in more sustainable forms of aquaculture, such as land-based recirculating aquaculture, small-scale shellfish aquaculture, and artisanal fishing and tourism would better serve communities.
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Organic waste (e.g. feed or feces) / Biodiversity loss / Parasites (e.g. sea lice) / Chemicals (e.g. Formaldehyde) / Antibiotics / Omega-3s / Fish Meal / Fish Oil Processing / Investment and subsidies / Fish in / Fish Out (FIFO) / Small-scale fishers / Labor / UN: FAO Committee on Fisheries / Recirculating Aquaculture Systems (RAS) / Bivalves / Salmon / Sea Bream / Sea Bass
Research
Jan 01 - 2010
EN Global

The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture highlights the major role and challenges facing fisheries and aquaculture worldwide.
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Inorganic waste (e.g. plastics) / Harmful Algal Blooms / Marine Flora (e.g. Poseidon meadows or seaweed) / Infrastructure (Cages or processing plants) / Climate change / Marine Protected Areas / Marine fauna / Parasites (e.g. sea lice) / Organic waste (e.g. feed or feces) / Chemicals (e.g. Formaldehyde) / Biodiversity loss / Animal Ethics / Hunger / Nutrition / Investment and subsidies / Labor / Small-scale fishers / Tourism / IUUs (illegal unreported and unregulated) / Value chain / Certification schemes / Fish Meal / Fish Oil Processing / UN: FAO Committee on Fisheries / Plant-based (e.g. seaweed or kelp) / Salmon / Sea Bass / Sea Bream / Shrimp / Krill / Bivalves / Tilapia

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